{"id":7307,"date":"2014-01-03T16:15:58","date_gmt":"2014-01-03T16:15:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.journalismlab.nl\/?p=7307"},"modified":"2021-07-19T12:19:00","modified_gmt":"2021-07-19T12:19:00","slug":"is-er-toekomst-voor-gratis-kranten","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.journalismlab.nl\/en\/is-er-toekomst-voor-gratis-kranten\/","title":{"rendered":"Is er toekomst voor gratis kranten?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>In 2007 werden er in 31 Europese landen 27 miljoen gratis kranten per dag verspreid. Dat jaar was het hoogtepunt van gratis dagbladen, begonnen in 1995 in de Zweedse hoofdstad Stockholm.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>De daarop volgende crisis eiste een zware tol, advertentie-inkomsten daalden snel waardoor de enige inkomstenbron van gratis dagbladen snel opdroogde. In de daarop volgende jaren daalde de oplage tot bijna de helft: 15 miljoen in 2012.<\/p>\n<p>Veel titels verdwenen &#8211; zoals in Nederland DAG en De Pers. Van de 140 gratis kranten in 2007 waren er vijf jaar laten nog maar 75 over. Maar merkwaardig genoeg stierf in bijna geen enkel land het fenomeen volledig uit. Waar vroeger vier of meer gratis kranten verschenen, is er nu nog maar \u00e9\u00e9n &#8211; of in uitzonderingsgevallen twee (zoals in Nederland waar TMG zowel Metro als Spits uitgeeft).<\/p>\n<p>Voor het Deense wetenschappelijke tijdschrift <a href=\"http:\/\/ojs.statsbiblioteket.dk\/index.php\/journalistica\/index\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Journalistica<\/a> analyseerde ik hoe in West-Europa gratis kranten zich ontwikkeld hebben. In vrijwel elke markt ging men van hevige concurrentie naar een monopolie of bijna-monopolie situatie.<\/p>\n<p>Hieronder bijvoorbeeld de ontwikkeling in de vier van de vijf\u00a0<em>Nordic<\/em> landen (in Noorwegen zijn nooit gratis kranten geweest): een enorme groei tot 2006\/2007 en daarna een even zo indrukwekkende daling. Nergens verdwenen gratis kranten overigens. In Zweden ging men van drie landelijke titels naar \u00e9\u00e9n (Metro), in Denemarken van 11 gratis kranten in 2006 naar \u00e9\u00e9n in 2013, in Finland en IJsland van twee naar \u00e9\u00e9n. In 2006 was de gezamenlijke oplage 3.8 miljoen, in 2013 1.1 miljoen.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.journalismlab.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/nordic.png\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-7309\" alt=\"nordic\" src=\"https:\/\/www.journalismlab.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/nordic.png\" width=\"579\" height=\"347\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">In het artikel komen ook de ontwikkelingen in Duitstalige landen (Duitsland, Oostenrijk, Zwitserland en Luxemburg), Engeland\/Ierland, en Nederland\/Belgi\u00eb aan bod.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Het hele nummer van Journalistica is gratis te downloaden <a href=\"http:\/\/ojs.statsbiblioteket.dk\/index.php\/journalistica\/issue\/download\/2131\/10\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">vanaf deze locatie<\/a> (pdf). Mijn hoofdstuk is ook hier te downloaden:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.journalismlab.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/Bakker-The-life-cycle-of-a-free-newspaper-business-model-in-newspaper-rich-markets.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The life cycle of a free newspaper business model in newspaper-rich markets<\/a> (de rest van het tijdschrift is in het Deens).<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In 2007 werden er in 31 Europese landen 27 miljoen gratis kranten per dag verspreid. Dat jaar was het hoogtepunt van gratis dagbladen, begonnen in 1995 in de Zweedse hoofdstad Stockholm. De daarop volgende crisis eiste een zware tol, advertentie-inkomsten daalden snel waardoor de enige inkomstenbron van gratis dagbladen snel opdroogde. In de daarop volgende [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[4348],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-7307","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-artikel","tag-publiek"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Journalismlab &#8211; Is er toekomst voor gratis kranten?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.journalismlab.nl\/en\/is-er-toekomst-voor-gratis-kranten\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Journalismlab &#8211; Is er toekomst voor gratis kranten?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In 2007 werden er in 31 Europese landen 27 miljoen gratis kranten per dag verspreid. Dat jaar was het hoogtepunt van gratis dagbladen, begonnen in 1995 in de Zweedse hoofdstad Stockholm. De daarop volgende crisis eiste een zware tol, advertentie-inkomsten daalden snel waardoor de enige inkomstenbron van gratis dagbladen snel opdroogde. 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